Download Nsp6, along with nsp3 and nsp4, plays a critical role in membrane rearrangement. In SARS-CoV-1 nsp6 is known to activate autophagy by inducing perinuclear vesicles localized around the microtubule organization center. SARS-CoV-2 nsp6 is 87% identical to SARS-CoV-1 nsp6. Non-conservative mutations are located on the protein surface. Narrative Upon infection, corona viruses create signature […]
Download NSP7 Download NSP8 Download NSP12 The complex formed by nsp7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 is responsible for the replication and transcription of the viral genome. Nsp12 encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain. Nsp7 forms a hexadecameric complex with nsp8 that may act as a processivity clamp for the RNA polymerase. When compared […]
Download Nsp9 is able to form dimers that bind either ssDNA and ssRNA and is thought to protect the coronavirus genome from degradation during replication. Deletion of nsp9 in the mouse β-coronavirus (hepatitis virus , MHV), impairs viral RNA synthesis and viral infection. SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 nsp9 sequences are highly conserved, but substitutions with potential […]
Download NSP10 Download NSP14 The exonuclease domain of nsp14 is imperative for replication fidelity within RNA viruses and has been shown to function as a proofreading exoribonuclease. Nsp14 associates with nsp10 that provides the ability to excise mismatched nucleotides, and disruption of this heterodimer was shown to decrease replication fidelity. SARS-CoV-1 and -CoV-21 nsp10 proteins […]
Download Nsp11 is a short peptide (13 a.a.) and is cleaved from both polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab. In SARS-CoV-1 nsp11 has been implicated in RNA synthesis. SARS-CoV-2 nsp11 has 85% sequence identity to SARS-CoV-1 nsp11. Narrative Nsp11 is a short protein only 13 a.a. in length and is translated from both polyproteins ORF1a and ORF1ab. […]
Download The nonstructural protein 13 (nsp13) is involved in a number of functions, such as NTPase, dNTPase, RTpase, RNA helicase, and DNA helicase activity. A single mutation in SARS-CoV-1 nsp13 stalk domain, resulted in a dramatic decrease in viral infectivity in vitro. The essential nature of nsp13 in the viral replication cycle, and its multifunctional […]
Download Nsp15 is a Nidoviral RNA uridylate-specific endoribonuclease and its C-terminal is a catalytic domain belonging to the EndoU family of enzymes. Within SARS-CoV-1 and -CoV-2, nsp15 is very conserved (89 % identity). Narrative Nsp15 is a Nidoviral RNA uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) and its C-terminal is a catalytic domain belonging to the EndoU family of […]
Download The nonstructural protein 16 (nsp16) is involved in capping of viral mRNA to protect it from host degradation, and it has been demonstrated that it has to be associated with nsp10 to be active. Mutation that increases hydrophobic interaction between nsp10 and the hydrophobic pocket of nsp16, increases methyltransferase activity of nsp16. Conversely, […]
Sequence Analysis Download Simulations ACE2_RBD2_A ACE2_RBD2_B ACE2_RBD2_C ACE2_RBD2_D ACE2_RBD2_E ACE_RBD2_A ACE_RBD2_B ACE_RBD2_C ACE2_RBD1_A ACE2_RBD1_B ACE2_RBD1_C ACE2_RBD1_D ACE2_RBD1_E ACE_RBD1_A ACE_RBD1_B ACE_RBD1_C The spike glycoprotein (S) is the main promoter of virus entry into host cells. These highly glycosylated proteins protrude from the viral surface to interact with the host cell receptor(s). The receptor binding domain of […]
Download ORF3a is an integral transmembrane protein, localized mostly in the Golgi complex, cytoplasm and cell surface. ORF3a is able to form homotetramers with ion channel properties. Regarding pathogenic effects, ORF3a is linked to inflammatory responses, weak INF responses, innate immunity responses, trigger apoptosis and modulate cell cycle. Non-conservative mutations with a potential impact in […]
Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy
